This is more a historical question than a practical one. The well-known “cowboy” carbine or rifle and revolver using the same ammo were popular back in the day, simplified ammo supply questions although limiting power for the long gun. 32-20, 38-40, and 44-40 were popular calibers, Winchester and Marlin building the long guns, Colt and Smith&Wesson the wheelguns.
I know a few carbines have been built recently for 45 Colt, but back at the beginning of the 20th century, apparently no one built a carbine for it.
So, why is this? The 45 Colt is a bit bigger diameter cartridge, maybe the old lever-gun receivers were not big enough? Are the recent guns bigger in the receiver?
No practical reason to need to know, just curious. I figure the crowd on here is erudite enough that maybe someone knows. :D